Perancangan Aplikasi Pengenalan Komponen Perangkat Keras Komputer Berbasis Augmented Reality Menggunakan Metode Design Thinking Untuk Siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan

Computer hardware learning in Vocational High Schools (SMK), especially in the Software and Game Development (PPLG) department, often faces obstacles in visualizing the physical form and function of components in detail. The limitations of physical teaching aids and the use of conventional methods such as textbooks and oral explanations are considered less interactive and difficult to provide a comprehensive understanding to students. This study aims to develop interactive learning media based on Augmented Reality (AR) for the introduction of computer hardware components to improve student understanding. This application was developed using Unity 3D and Vuforia SDK by applying the Design Thinking method that focuses on user needs through five stages: Empathize, Define, Ideate, Prototype, and Test. The system built consists of an Android mobile application for 3D object visualization for students and a material data management feature managed by the admin. System testing was carried out comprehensively using Black Box Testing to verify feature functionality, as well as technical testing of AR performance which includes detection distance, light intensity, and rotation. In addition, learning effectiveness testing was conducted using the Pre-Experimental One Group Pretest-Posttest Design method on 27 students. Black Box testing results indicate that all features function as designed. The effectiveness test results showed an increase in student understanding, with an N-Gain score of 0.96, which falls into the High category. Thus, this Augmented Reality-based learning medium has proven to be feasible and effective for supporting the learning process of computer hardware.