Analisis Pengaruh Substitusi Aspal dengan Styrofoam pada Campuran Asphalt Concrete Base Terhadap Karakteristik Marshall

Flexible pavement, particularly the Asphalt Concrete Base (AC-Base) layer, requires a large amount of asphalt as a binder, while the price and availability of asphalt continue to be limited. On the other hand, styrofoam waste keeps increasing and is difficult to decompose naturally, making it a serious environmental problem. Previous studies have mostly examined styrofoam as an additive in AC-WC or AC-BC mixtures, while its use as a partial substitute for asphalt in AC-Base mixtures has rarely been studied. This gap forms the basis of the present research. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the base materials, establish the Optimum Asphalt Content (OAC), and analyze the effect of substituting asphalt with styrofoam at levels of 3% to 12% on the Marshall characteristics of AC-Base mixtures. The method used is a laboratory experiment based on the 2018 Bina Marga General Specifications Revision 2, covering aggregate testing, 60/70 penetration asphalt testing, and Marshall testing on 48 specimens to obtain stability, flow, VIM, VMA, VFA, and Marshall Quotient values. The results show that the OAC was obtained at an asphalt content of 5%. Styrofoam substitution increased stability up to a content of 9%, but decreased VFA values and increased VIM and VMA as the styrofoam content increased. Based on all Marshall parameters, a substitution level of 3% best met the specification requirements and is therefore recommended as the appropriate substitution level for AC-Base mixtures.

Keywords: Styrofoam, Asphalt Concrete Base, Marshall Characteristics, Asphalt Substitution, Optimum Asphalt Content