Analisis Pengaruh Variabel Pemotongan (Feed Rate, Spindle Speed, Depth Of Cut) Terhadap Kekasaran Permukaan Dan Temperatur Pemotongan Pada Proses CNC (Computer Numerical Control) Milling Bahan Paduan Aluminium 6061

Computer Numerical Control (CNC) milling is one of the machining processes widely used to produce components with high dimensional accuracy and good surface quality. The machining quality is influenced by cutting parameters, namely spindle speed, feed rate, and depth of cut. This study aimed to analyze the effect of cutting parameters on the surface roughness and cutting temperature of Aluminium 6061 during the CNC milling process and to determine the optimum cutting parameter combination using the Taguchi method. This research employed an experimental method based on the Taguchi Orthogonal Array (OA) L9 design consisting of three factors and three levels. The cutting parameters included spindle speeds of 1500, 2000, and 2500 rpm, feed rates of 98, 132, and 170 mm/min, and depths of cut of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mm. Surface roughness was measured using a Surface Roughness Tester, while the cutting temperature was measured using an Infrared Thermometer. The experimental data were analyzed using the Signal-to-Noise (S/N) Ratio and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed that feed rate was the most influential factor affecting surface roughness, contributing 33.031%, followed by depth of cut (27.505%) and spindle speed (22.384%). The optimum cutting parameter combination was obtained at a spindle speed of 2500 rpm, a feed rate of 132 mm/min, and a depth of cut of 1 mm. The cutting temperature ranged from 39.4 to 40.7°C, indicating relatively stable thermal conditions during machining. Therefore, the surface quality of Aluminium 6061 was influenced more by the cutting parameters, particularly the feed rate, than by the cutting temperature.