Rancang Bangun Boost Converter Pada Sistem Panel Surya ke Beban DC Menggunakan Kontrol Arduino Uno

The utilization of solar energy as a renewable energy source continues to grow in line with the increasing demand for environmentally friendly electrical energy. However, the output voltage of solar panels often fluctuates due to variations in solar irradiance, making it insufficient to supply DC loads that require higher voltage levels. This study aims to design and develop a boost converter system for a solar panel using an Arduino Uno controller to increase the output voltage according to the requirements of DC loads. The system consists of a solar panel as the power source, a boost converter as the voltage step-up circuit, an Arduino Uno as the PWM controller, an IR2117 MOSFET driver as the switching controller, a voltage sensor for feedback, and a DC lamp as the test load. The research method includes hardware design, software development, system implementation, and performance testing based on variations in the solar panel input voltage and PWM duty cycle.
The test results indicate that the boost converter successfully increases the solar panel output voltage from 10–13.5 V to 12.4–27.8 V, with an optimal output voltage of 24 V, enabling the DC load to operate normally. Furthermore, the PWM duty cycle controlled by the Arduino Uno significantly affects the output voltage of the boost converter, allowing the system to maintain stable operation according to load requirements. Based on the results, the Arduino Uno-based boost converter effectively improves the utilization of solar energy for supplying DC loads and has the potential to be applied in various renewable energy-based electrical systems.