Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Sudut Potong Utama (KR) Pahat HSS Terhadap Stabilitas Proses Pembubutan Aluminium 6061

The turning process is one of the machining processes used to produce workpieces with dimensions and surface quality that meet the required specifications. One of the factors affecting the stability of the turning process is the cutting tool geometry, particularly the principal cutting edge angle (κr). Variations in the principal cutting edge angle influence the distribution of cutting forces, which in turn affect the vibration level during the turning process. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in the principal cutting edge angle of a High Speed Steel (HSS) cutting tool on the vibration level during the turning process of Aluminum 6061. This research employed an experimental method using principal cutting edge angle variations of 45°, 60°, and 90°. The turning process was carried out on a conventional lathe with constant cutting parameters, while vibration levels were measured using a vibration meter. Each cutting angle variation was tested in three repetitions. The experimental data were analyzed using descriptive statistics by calculating the mean values and subsequently evaluated using One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to determine the significance of the effect of cutting edge angle variation on vibration levels. The results showed that the average vibration level at a principal cutting edge angle of 45° was 0.933 mm/s, at 60° was 0.740 mm/s, and at 90° was 0.743 mm/s. The One-Way ANOVA test produced an F-value of 50.82, which was greater than the F-table value of 5.14 at a significance level of 5%, with a p-value of 0.000 (< 0.05). These findings indicate that variations in the principal cutting edge angle have a significant effect on the vibration level during the turning process of Aluminum 6061. The 60° principal cutting edge angle produced the lowest vibration level, indicating a more stable machining condition compared to the other cutting angle variations.