Rancang Bangun Sistem Monitoring Ph Tanah Dan Pemupukan Cair Otomatis Pada Pembibitan Kelapa Sawit Berbasis Iot

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is highly dependent on maintaining stable soil acidity (pH) levels during the nursery phase. Conventional maintenance practices with limited real-time monitoring often result in inconsistent fertilization and delayed responses to acidic soil conditions. Therefore, this study designed an Internet of Things (IoT)-based system for soil pH monitoring and automatic liquid fertilization using the Waterfall method. The system integrates a NodeMCU ESP32 microcontroller, an analog pH sensor, a DC water pump actuator, and a MySQL-based website interface. The test results showed that the system operated properly, collecting data every 3 seconds. When the detected pH level fell below the critical threshold (< 6.5), the fertilization pump was automatically activated for 3 seconds, followed by a 2-minute delay to prevent excessive fertilizer application. The implementation successfully automated manual maintenance processes and provided accurate, centralized agronomic evaluation data.