Rancang Bangun Kondensor Untuk Optimasi Proses Pendinginan Minyak Atsiri Dari Daun Galam

The distillation process of essential oil from Melaleuca cajuputi (galam leaves) requires an optimized condensation system to improve cooling efficiency and maximize oil yield. This study aims to design and develop a shell and tube condenser as a supporting component in the condensation process of essential oil vapor. The condenser is designed with a shell length of 3027 mm, an outer diameter of 500 mm, and consists of 57 condenser tubes with an outer diameter of
12.2 mm. The design method includes thermal analysis and heat transfer capacity calculations to ensure optimal cooling performance. High thermal conductivity metal materials were selected to enhance heat exchange between the essential oil vapor and the cooling water. The condenser operates on the principle of indirect heat transfer, where the vapor flows through small tubes and the cooling water flows within the shell surrounding the tubes. The results of the design show that the condenser can significantly reduce vapor temperature, converting it into liquid phase efficiently and quickly. This improves the overall cooling process efficiency. The developed condenser is a potential solution for small- and medium-scale essential oil distillation industries, particularly for processing galam leaves