Rancang Bangun Prototype Pengendali Kecepatan pada Motor Konveyor Berbasis Arduino Uno

This study aims to design and develop a prototype speed control system for a conveyor motor based on Arduino Uno using the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) method. A potentiometer serves as the main input interface to adjust the PWM duty cycle, which is then sent to the L298N motor driver to control the DC motor speed. Testing was conducted at four potentiometer ratios—25, 50, 75, and 99—under both no-load and loaded conditions with weights up to 3 kg. The test results show that under no-load conditions, voltage and motor speed increased with higher potentiometer ratios, from 1 V (0 RPM) at ratio 25 to 21 V (177 RPM) at ratio 99. When loaded with up to 3 kg, the system maintained stable performance with only a slight reduction in speed; at ratio 99, the maximum load produced 22 V with a rotation speed of 117 RPM. The variation of potentiometer ratios directly influenced voltage, current, and power, indicating a near-linear relationship between PWM duty cycle and motor speed. The system proved to be stable, responsive, and efficient, making it suitable for small- to medium-scale DC motor speed control applications.