Analisis Pengaruh Parameter Pengelasan SMAW Pada Kekuatan Sambungan Las Baja Paduan ST60

This study analyzes and determines the optimal SMAW welding parameters for ST60 steel by varying welding current at 100 A, 110 A, and 120 A, using E7018 electrodes of Ø2.6 mm, Ø3.2 mm, and Ø4.0 mm, as well as I, V, and X groove types based on the Taguchi L27 experimental method. The tests conducted include penetrant NDT and tensile testing according to ASTM E8/E8M standards, supported by S/N Ratio and ANOVA analyses. The results indicate the presence of several defects such as porosity and cracks, although most specimens remained in acceptable condition. ANOVA shows that the groove type is the most influential factor, followed by electrode diameter and welding current. The optimal parameter combination for achieving the highest weld joint strength is a welding current of 120 A, Ø4.0 mm electrode, and V-groove configuration, which provides the best tensile performance and weld stability, making it suitable as a reference for industrial welding processes.