Optimasi Parameter Pemesinan Terhadap Kekasaran Permukaan Pada Pembubutan Poros Baja Aisi 1045 (S45C/C45) Dengan Metode Taghuci Pada Kondisi Pemotongan Kering

Surface roughness is one of the most important quality indicators in the turning process because it affects dimensional accuracy, wear resistance, and the overall quality of machined products. Surface roughness is influenced by several machining parameters, including spindle speed, feed rate, and depth of cut. Therefore, optimizing machining parameters is essential to obtain the best surface quality. This study aims to analyze the effect of machining parameters and determine the optimum parameter combination for minimizing surface roughness in the dry turning process of AISI 1045 (S45C/C45) steel shafts using the Taguchi method. This research employed an experimental method based on the Taguchi Orthogonal Array (OA) L9 design, consisting of three factors at three levels: spindle speed (50,3 m/min, 70,4 m/min , and 100,5 m/,min ), feed rate (0.10 mm/rev, 0.16 mm/rev, and 0.18 mm/rev), and depth of cut (0.20 mm, 0.25 mm, and 0.30 mm). All turning operations were carried out under dry cutting conditions. Surface roughness was measured three times on each specimen using a Surface Roughness Tester, and the average value was used as the response variable. The experimental data were analyzed using the Taguchi method through mean response analysis, Signal-to-Noise (S/N) Ratio analysis, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed that spindle speed was the most influential factor affecting surface roughness, contributing 69.78% to the total variation, followed by depth of cut (14.28%), feed rate (5.78%), and experimental error (10.16%). Based on the Taguchi analysis, the optimum machining parameter combination for achieving the lowest surface roughness was a spindle speed of 100,5 Cutting Speed , a feed rate of 0.18 mm/rev, and a depth of cut of 0.20 mm.