Perencanaan Desain Kapal Backhoe Dredger untuk Mengatasi Pendangkalan (Sedimentasi) di Sungai Mesjid Kecamatan Sungai Sembilan, Dumai

Sedimentation in Sungai Mesjid, Sungai Sembilan District, Dumai City, has reduced the river's flow capacity and disrupted its function as a raw water source for Perumdam Tirta Dumai Bersemai. The current dredging method, which relies on land-based excavators, is limited by restricted operational reach and low efficiency. This study proposes the design of a self-propelled backhoe dredger equipped with a 150 m³ permanent hopper as a solution specifically adapted to the river's operational characteristics. The research aims to develop a dredger design that improves dredging efficiency while satisfying technical and stability requirements. The methodology includes a literature review, collection of comparable vessel data, linear regression analysis to determine the principal dimensions, development of the lines plan and general arrangement, hydrostatic analysis, resistance and powering analysis, weight estimation, and stability assessment using Maxsurf software. The results indicate that the 150 m³ hopper provides the optimum balance between dredging productivity, maneuverability, and grounding risk. At a service speed of 6 knots, the vessel has a resistance of 171.09 kN and requires 229.594 hp of propulsion power. Stability analysis confirms that all loading conditions satisfy the applicable stability criteria, demonstrating that the proposed vessel is technically feasible for sediment dredging operations in Sungai Mesjid.