Penerapan Teknologi Garis Gawang Untuk Mendeteksi Bola Gol Atau Keluar Lapangan Berbasis Computer Vision

Goal-line technology is an important innovation in football to improve the accuracy of decision-making, particularly in determining whether the ball has crossed the goal line (goal) or gone out of play. This study aims to develop a real-time ball detection system based on computer vision, integrating hardware and software components to work seamlessly. The system is designed using two high-resolution cameras: one to monitor the entire field and another to verify the goal area. Both cameras are connected to a mini PC that serves as the main data processing unit. The software is developed in Python using the OpenCV library, implementing HSV color segmentation to distinguish the ball from the background, and Hough Circle Transform to accurately recognize circular objects. The field and goal areas are defined as polygons via a PyQt5-based graphical user interface (GUI), which also displays the ball’s status visually in real time. The system was tested on a mini football field under various scenarios, including different ball positions, lighting conditions, and situations where the ball was partially obstructed. The test results show that the system can classify the ball’s status into “In Field,” “Out of Field,” “Valid Goal,” and “Invalid Goal” with an accuracy of 82% from 11 trials. Detection errors were mainly caused by unstable lighting, interference from other objects, and less-than-optimal HSV configuration. This implementation is expected to assist referees in making quick and objective decisions and serve as a foundation for the development of more advanced football match assistance technologies in the future.